Biliary Lithiasis: An Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Retrospective Study
Published: 2020-07-06
Page: 55-64
Issue: 2020 - Volume 3 [Issue 1]
Driss Erguibi
Department of Visceral Surgical Emergencies, University Hospital Center Ibn Rochd, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco.
Othmane El Yamine
Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Center Ibn Rochd, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco.
Berni Yassine
Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Center Ibn Rochd, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco.
Rachid Boufettal
Department of Visceral Surgical Emergencies, University Hospital Center Ibn Rochd, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco.
Saâd Rifki Jai
Department of Visceral Surgical Emergencies, University Hospital Center Ibn Rochd, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco.
Farid Chehab
Department of Visceral Surgical Emergencies, University Hospital Center Ibn Rochd, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Biliary lithiasis can be defined as the presence of concrements in the gallbladder, the biliary ducts, or both. Patients are mostly asymptomatic in over 80% of cases and are discovered by chance during a rouine ultrasound scan. When symptomatic, it can manifest as hepatic colicky pain or as serious life-threatening complications requiring surgery as the only method of treatment.
Methods: In this work we report a study of a series of 316 biliary lithiasis cases reported in the Department of Surgery for a period of one year i.e. from 2018 to 2019.
Results: Female predominance was 78% while males represented only 22% of the total cases; with 24.68% in patients over 40 years of age. It can manifest itself as simple vesicular lithiasis (93.35%) or complications (6.64%) including cholecystitis (23.8%; n=21), lithiasis of the main biliary tract or angiocholitis (76.19%; n=21). The treatment is mainly surgical, either by laparoscopy (93%) or by laparotomy (7%). Post-operative complications were noted in 12 patients (3.8%).
Conclusion: As it is common in clinical practice, biliary lithiasis should be approached in a multidisciplinary fashion, employing the most convenient diagnostic procedure relevant to the clinical condition of the patient.
Keywords: Biliary lithiasis, cholecystectomy, gall bladder, main bile duct, complications, epidemiology