Asian Journal of Research and Reports in Gastroenterology

Background: Significant changes in the gut microbiota of PPI users were discovered in a study examining the effects of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) on the gut flora. Among PPI users, the relative abundance of eighteen bacterial families, or 20% of the bacterial taxa, varied statistically significantly.

Introduction: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have the potential to produce dysbiosis, which is the underlying cause of gastrointestinal illnesses, as well as alter the gut microbiota, which is important for IBD (inflammatory bowel disorders). Prolonged hypergastrinemia can speed up colonic epithelial cell growth, and IBD patients are more likely to get bacterial super infections. In patients with cirrhosis, long-term PPI use raises the risk of IBS, SIBO, and hepatic encephalopathy. Treating H. pylori infection is recommended for all patients in order to lower the long-term risk of stomach cancer. Patients with Rheumatoid arthritis, celiac disease, liver cirrhosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may see changes in their gut flora when using proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). These drugs raise the chance of acquiring certain illnesses by inducing inflammation and immune complexes in different organs. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are indicated for severe medical conditions and are used to treat gastrointestinal ailments. In contrast to the safer histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) than Proton Pump Inhibitors, continuous use raises the risk of pneumonia, enteric infections, and bowel disorders.

Objective: This article focus on altered microbiota and gastrointestinal disorders, nutritional influences on the gut microbiota and the implications for gastrointestinal health, as well as improved understanding of gut-microbiota–brain communication, this review examines current knowledge and future perspectives on the composition and function of the human gut microbiota.